© Università degli Studi di Padova - Credits: HCE Web agency
The phenomenon of the permanent organisation of the cooperation amongst nation-states is quite recent. The first international organisations were established after the Congress of Wien in 1815 (the Rhine Navigation Commission) and after the Congress of Paris in 1856 (the Danube Commission). During the second half of XIX century the so-called administrative unions for the cooperation on rail, postal and telegraphic communications were established.
1919 marks the starting point of universal international organisation for political aims, with the creation of the League of Nations, which since 1 January 1946, was succeeded, with much wider jurisdiction and powers, by the United Nations Organisation: starting from it the “UN system”, which includes the Organisation and the so-called specialised Agencies have been built.
This universal organisation emerged as a response to world conflicts and as a commitment for the construction of a positive peace-based order (si vis pacem para pacem, if you want peace prepare peace).
The regional international organisation started developing after the universal organisation became effective, having as predecessors the navigation commissions in Europe and the Panamerican Union (1880), which later became the Organization of American States (OAS).
At the origin of an international organisation is the will of a group of states, which is expressed in a legal agreement. This is the Constitution or Charter of the intergovernmental organisation, which contains provisions establishing principles, aims, bodies and functions of the new entity.
Intergovernmental international organisations are functional apparatuses operating separately from their member states.
They provide a space for supranational bodies, a growing crowd of transnational organisations such as NGOs with consultative status.
The international relations process of permanent organisation gave rise to the development of the culture of international cooperation, inspired by values like solidarity, economic and social justice, and respect of human rights.
The international organisations mechanism is the fundamental basis to making possible the beginning of the more challenging processes of supranational integration on regional, continental and worldwide scales.
These processes have the characteristics of the structural changing of the whole international relations system coping with continually pressing needs for a global governance to be allotted on more territorial and functional levels.
Today's planetarian life-condition is, as a matter of fact, that of complex interdependence, fed by multiple and variegated globalisation processes.
The collective security system planned by the Charter of the United Nations, even if not entirely implemented yet, is itself a strong core of global governance granted by supranational authority.
Together with the phenomenon of the cooperation among states, that of cooperation among civil society organised associations is deeply growing.
What follows is a list of the main international and regional organisations, bodies and agencies websites:
United Nations Organisation (UN)
UN Agencies, Funds, Programmes and Offices
Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)
18/11/2009
University of Padova
Human Rights Centre
"Antonio Papisca"
Complesso Universitario
Via Beato Pellegrino, 28
35137 Padova
Tel 049 827 1813 / 1817
E-mail
centro.dirittiumani@unipd.it
Certified e-mail (PEC)
centro.dirittiumani@pec.unipd.it
University of Padova
Human Rights Centre
"Antonio Papisca"
Complesso Universitario
Via Beato Pellegrino, 28
35137 Padova
Tel 049 827 1813 / 1817
E-mail
centro.dirittiumani@unipd.it
Certified e-mail (PEC)
centro.dirittiumani@pec.unipd.it
© Università degli Studi di Padova - Credits: HCE Web agency